Friday, March 6, 2009

READING ENTRY 5 (K22)

48 comments:

  1. Hong Yuen Fatt
    KA 08101

    Result !!!
    http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2009/3/15/education/3451562&sec=education

    Finally, the result of public examination is out this year again. I believe that many people suffer insomnia for this season. During this period, we can see happy faces as well as sad faces. Thoughts are flying around inside their mind, thinking of the next plan.

    Is good result important? It is important indeed. But there is another thing which is more vital than result, "Effort". For me, there is always a principle within me. As long as I really put effort on it, the result is no longer that important. The grade on the paper doesn't really show our ability completely. It may means you are smart and so as you are just lucky enough. Of course, I'm not degrading people who are getting good results but this is a reality.

    Moreover, I think that knowledge is an asset for an individual. It is us to decide the future of our own. Some may ask, what are the uses of UPSR, PMR, SPM or even STPM? I thought of this before too. In my opinion, these exams are just as a stepping stone for us to study at a higher level. It simply means these exams mold our future route. Without any components, the road will be more difficult.

    For me, no matter what get through our ways, we have to do our best. Sometimes, don't get too serious about results. Be positive. Lastly, congratulations to those achievers.

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  2. Rolls-Royce 200EX Concept

    The Rolls-Royce 200EX concept gives a good indication of the upcoming, smaller RR4 model.
    Based on Rolls-Royce's record sales result in 2008, which saw sales increase around the world by 20 percent from 1010 cars to 1212 the company is in the process of developing a new, smaller model called the RR4.
    The 200EX concept shown at the Geneva Motor Show gives the design direction Rolls is heading with the car, which will be powered by a new V-12 built by BMW, but only used by the British marque. Rolls says the 200EX/RR4 uses "a unique monocoque body, which is not shared with any other vehicle."Styling, though, is similar to the Phantom sedan's.The sizes are 200EX/RR4's 129.7-in. wheelbase, 212.6-in. length and 61.0-in. height are 10.9, 17.1 and 3.3 in.Less than those of the Phantom. Officials went on to say that 80 percent of the car's components will be exclusive to Rolls-Royce, no doubt trying to separate the RR4 from a presumed BMW 7 Series connection.The RR4 will be built alongside the four Phantom models in Goodwood, England, with an estimated price of $250,000–$280,000 when it goes on sale in 2010.

    NORLEEN BINTI ISA
    KA08117

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  3. In physics, thermodynamics (from the Greek θερμη, therme, meaning "heat" and δυναμις, dynamis, meaning "power") is the study of the conversion of heat energy into different forms of energy (in particular, mechanical, chemical, and electrical energy); different energy conversions into heat energy; and its relation to macroscopic variables such as temperature, pressure, and volume. Its underpinnings, based upon statistical predictions of the collective motion of particles from their microscopic behavior, is the field of statistical thermodynamics, a branch of statistical mechanics. Roughly, heat means "energy in transit" and dynamics relates to "movement"; thus, in essence thermodynamics studies the movement of energy and how energy instills movement. Historically, thermodynamics developed out of need to increase the efficiency of early steam engines.

    -ronald atorm-
    -ka08121-

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  4. JJ Chew
    KA08099

    In this entry,it is all about health for my comments.I have read an article that relate about handphone radiation.First of all,we should notput our cellphone near to where we sleep.It better put it on the far distance from your bed as cellphone radiation are not strong enough and if you put at some distance,it won't hurt so bad.In addition,when we talking on our phone,we should use left ear,as radiation won't directly penetrate our brain cell and better change side of ears every few minutes of talking as it won't burn our brain cell continuously.Furthermore, we should not put our handphone around our heart as it will also hurt our herat with the radiation.It is better take it on our hand or put it with some cover to minimize the radiation.Although the strength of the handphone radiation is not strong enough but it would affect our health in a long term.Therefore,take care of your health as health is everyhthing.

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  5. JJ Chew
    KA08099

    To take care our whole body health,we should sleep at least six to eight hours a day.As sleep can let our body release stress,calm down our nerve and let it function well.It is not good to sleep late as it will against our biological "time of Detoxification".Our liver detoxificate around one till three in the midnight,so it is better sleep around this time.Next,we must consume food which full of fiber like vegetable,fruit as it will smoothen our excretion and prevent constipation which will cause our body can't detox the waste inside our body and cause cancer to our intestine as toxic store for a long time in our intestine.Furthermore,it is good to exercise regularly as it can burn out fat that our body does not need.It can also increase our blood circulation and make our heartbeat to become normal.Exercise is also detoxification.Balance diet is also one of the important way to have a healthy body.We must consume seven minerals in one day which are mineral salt, vitamin, water, carbohyrate, protein,lipid,fiber.There are many ways of taking care of our health.Above is the basic ways to look after our body health.Hence,please bear in mind health is the first thing we must concern first. "No health no wealth,No health no future".

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  6. CHEVROLET IMPALA...what is it????
    The Chevrolet Impala is a full-sized automobile built by General Motors for their Chevrolet division. Ed Cole, Chevrolet's chief engineer in the late 1950s, defined the Impala as a "prestige car within the reach of the average American citizen."

    From 1958 until 1965, the Impala was Chevrolet's most expensive full-size car. In 1965, Chevrolet introduced the more-expensive Caprice.

    In the late sixties, the Impala was typically positioned just below the top luxury trim, the Caprice, and above the more economical models like the Biscayne or the Bel Air. The Impala, named for a southern African antelope, is most readily distinguished by a pair of three rather than two taillights at its rear. It competed in the market against other full-size cars such as the Ford Galaxie 500 and the Plymouth Fury.

    One of both General Motors' and America's most successful auto nameplates, the Impala was often the best-selling automobile in its formative years when full-sized cars dominated sales. The 1965 sales of over one million units in the U.S. still stands as a record. From 1958 through 1996, Impala sales were in excess of 13 million, more than any other full-size car in the history of the automobile. The current version of the Impala is the 8th best selling vehicle (of any kind) and 6th best selling car in the United States and has the distinction of being the top selling American nameplate sedan, according to Reuters Top 20 Best-selling Vehicles Scorecard for the calendar year of 2008.[1]

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  7. Danial
    KA08075
    Hello...
    5 Failed McDonald's Menu Items.
    Back in the day, you couldn't go wrong with the original McDonald's menu. With two entree choices -- hamburger or cheeseburger -- there wasn't much room to experiment. Nowadays, there are lots of choices.

    Many introductions to the McDonald's menu have been successful. Take the Big Mac: "Two all-beef patties, special sauce, lettuce, cheese, pickles, onions on a sesame-seed bun." Other chart-topping hits include the Egg McMuffin and Chicken McNuggets, which quickly won the hearts of customers and keep fans hooked.

    But in 50 years of experiments, there were bound to be some mistakes. Some new items failed because customers just didn't like change. In other cases, a menu item didn't sell due to ineffective marketing or simply because it didn't appease many customers' taste buds. Many concoctions have come and gone from the McDonald's menu, proving that sticking a "Mc" prefix in a sandwich's name won't make it sell.

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  8. Time management refers to the range of skills,tools and techniques utilized to accomplish specific tasks,projects and goals .Time management in a broad sense involves both planning and execution.Money can be earned back ,however time once gone is gone.
    It depends on individual person as how they manage their schedule and prioritize their activities.Time management is essential to students in order to climb a ladder to achieve their goals.
    Time management skills are essential skills for effective people.People who use these techniques routinelyare the highest achieves in all walks of life from business to sport to public service.
    As you master these skills,you will find you take control of your workload and said goodbye to your stress.

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  9. I read an article about what is life.
    People like to say, as if it were obvious, that life is hard to define. This is misleading. Life has properties that clearly distinguish it from everything else. Firstly, every living thing is cellular. In other words, it is either a single-celled creature or a creature composed of biological cells. Every cell is bounded by its own outer membrane and contains a full set of instructions necessary for its operation and reproduction. Furthermore, every cell uses the same operating system: "DNA makes RNA makes protein." DNA is a long complex molecule that contains the cell's instructions. It is transcribed into RNA, another long complex molecule similar to DNA; and then the RNA transcript is translated into protein. There are hundreds of billions of different proteins used by living things, but all of them are made from the same twenty amino acids, the "building blocks of life."

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  10. I read an article about delicious food in my hometown,Sibu .
    There have lots of delicious food but lets me to introduce you the most famous food in my hometown suh as kompia and kampua.
    Foochow noodle dish which is absolutely delicious and loved by not only everyone in Sarawak, but by many people from other parts of the world! That’s how it looked like. If you asked me on the taste, I would say it’s just average. The noodle was soft and tender, and luckily it’s not too salty or oily. I hate oily food. Anyway, this particular bowl of kampua noodles did retain the old flavors of kampua noodles. It brought back fond memories of how my parents brought me to town for a plate of kampua noodles.
    There, the legendary foochow kompia which many locals touted as the authentic kompia in Sibu. It was served in dark-colored herbal broth with thin slices of pork. Oh yes, you can also order them without the pork. For me, I prefer the no-pork version. Kompia is certainly unique to Sibu and a visit there without eating one is not forgivable! Although I was born and raised in Sibu, but I do not know where is the most authentic and best place for kompia in sibu. Many say it has to be this food place at Lorong Tiong Hua 26, where Mr. and Mrs. Yeo had been selling kompias for the past several decades.
    I just had to pay this legendary place a visit. Although it was a rainy day, there was a steady stream of people leaving and coming in to this house turned into a kompia hideout place. Before long, our orders were taken and the much-awaited kompias were served.
    Who ever go to SIBU,you should have try the KAMPUA and KOMPIA.Its really nice!

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  11. Najwa
    KA08048

    True story of love......

    Missed Connection
    Dan Kottke, architect 31, and Erin Kottke, marketing manager, 26, Minneapolis, Minn.

    He: Late at night sometimes, I'd take online personality tests or browse through the "missed connections" on craigslist, an online community. People would post things like "I saw you on the number 7 bus," and I’d think, That would be amazing if they actually got together. One night I saw a note from a woman named Erin that read, "Matt and Dan, the architects." My friend Matt and I are architects, and we'd met this woman, Erin, a few nights earlier at an indie rock concert. I looked over at my cat, who was perched beside me on the couch, and said, "I think she means me."

    Erin and I had talked for a few minutes. We liked the same kind of music, and I thought she was really cute and had a vibrant personality. But once the concert started, we got separated in the crowd and I lost her. I remember thinking, Who knows where that would have gone. I wrote back and said, "We should hang out." There was another concert in the area in a couple of days, so I asked her to meet some of my friends and me there. Turns out Erin and I lived only three blocks from each other.

    It was a matter of a few weeks of getting to know each other before we decided to make a go of things. It moved fast.

    She: I'd always thought of architects as having gray hair and wearing black mock-turtlenecks. So when Dan said he was an architect, I thought he was lying. But once we started talking, I knew it was the beginning of something. After I lost him at the concert, I posted a message on Craigslist that said, "Please email me." Since it was a romantic and idealistic thing to do, I was shocked when Dan replied in just a couple days. Then I felt nervous: I didn't want to be "the girl from the Internet." But we really hit it off. I told my parents, "This feels right." Six months later, we got married in a 15-person wedding at a friend's house. Our son, Linus, was born the next year, on Mother's Day 2008.

    The power of love....just only after six months, they get marriaged.....

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  12. CHANG SER ER
    KA 08020

    Green Tea

    I have read an article regarding miracle of Green tea in The star online today. Know what?Tea, especially green tea, has a host of beneficial health properties. Green tea and oolong tea are usually consumed by Asians while the Europeans prefer black tea. Actually the different those teas are: green tea are not fermented, therefore contain the highest level of polyphenol while black tea are fully fermented and contain less polyphenol and more caffeine. From some of the researches, high level of polyphenol is the attributes of the healthy properties of green tea because polyphenol is chemicals with potent antioxidant properties.

    Antioxidants are substances that scavenge free radicals – damaging compounds in the body that alter cells, tamper with DNA (genetic material) and even cause cell death.

    Free radicals occur naturally in the body, but environmental toxins (including ultraviolet rays from the sun, radiation, cigarette smoke and air pollution) also give rise to these damaging particles. Many scientists believe that free radicals contribute to the ageing process as well as the development of a number of health problems, including cancer and heart disease. Antioxidants such as polyphenols in green tea can neutralize free radicals and may reduce or even help prevent some of the damage they cause.

    There was also an article in newspaper previously said that drinking a cup of green tea daily can reduce the risk of getting heart attack. Therefore, one of the way to stay healthy and prevent ageing is to drink more green tea!!

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  13. CHANG SER ER
    KA 08020

    I found an interesting article today-Do Malaysians shower before going to bed? Would like to make a guess? A survey was conducted by Kosmo and cloveTwo.com and found that only 44% of Malaysians shower before they went to bed.

    Actually it's very important for us to take a shower before we go bed daily because for your information, bed is a perfect breeding ground for microorganisms and we are exposed to bacterias wherever we are. All these bacteria, bed bug and etc could lead to many health problems.

    Besides having shower before we go to bed, taking shower when we got up is also very important. It freshens up the body, removing the build-up of bacteria during the night, and of course, perks you up to start the day. And most importantly, we must put more extra attention on some parts of body which are always neglected by people. Body parts like the back, behind ones ears and ankles, and between the toes – all bacteria-prone spots.

    Therefore friends, do take care of our personal hygiene and health. Don't ever think that taking bath is a very small thing in our life. It can cause a big health problem!!!

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  14. zulhazleen
    ka08037


    I just got this idea from my roommate. Moreover, I’m very interested in this title even in my blog I would like to talk much about the friendship. Without thinking much I surf at internet about this article. Friendship is a term used to denote co-operative and supportive behavior between two or more people. In this sense, the term connotes a relationship which involves mutual knowledge, esteem, and affection and respect along with a degree of rendering service to friends in times of need or crisis. Friends will welcome each other's company and exhibit loyalty towards each other, often to the point of altruism. Their tastes will usually be similar and may converge, and they will share enjoyable activities. They will also engage in mutually helping behavior, such as exchange of advice and the sharing of hardship. A friend is someone who may often demonstrate reciprocating and reflective behaviors. Yet for many, friendship is nothing more than the trust that someone or something will not harm them.
    A friend is someone that I could not lose like my family. They help much in my life, and I cannot live without them. For me, a friend is someone that will be with us when we sad, happy and although get ashamed. So, here I also would like to say thank you so much for being my friends.

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  15. Hong Yuen Fatt
    KA 08101

    Happiness.

    In the cycle of lives, we always undergo ups and down. There is sometimes we feel happy and sometimes we don't. Happiness is something we choose in advance. Whether or not we like our lives does not depend on the physical attributes, or the wealth- rather it depends on how we decide to see it.

    For me, it is already decided in my mind that I like my life. It is a decision I take every morning when I wake up. Every day is a gift, and as long as I can open my eyes, i will focus on the new day, and all the happy memories that I have built up during my life.

    Remember that being happy is the priority of living. If you wanna be sad, be sad for something that worth it.

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  16. April fool’s Day

    Time really knows how to fly 0…… It’s already near April. I’m sure everybody knows that 1st April is April fool’s day. Plus some more it is an international celebration. On that day, all the liars will be forgiven if they cheat you… haha!!!

    Have you ever celebrated this occasion??? Actually, the main purpose of this occasion is to let us released from a stressful daily life. As you were cheated or fooled by others, do not get angry first. All you need to do are just treated it as a laughing stock and laugh with the people around you.

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  17. Taking A Bus……

    I’m sure all the guys and gals have the experience of taking bus before, right? Now, let me share a story about taking bus with you all….

    When you were at bustop, a bus coming. At that time, you say, this bus already full of seat, I can wait for another bus. After that, it comes another one. But, this bus look a bit old. Then, you might say, “ it look so old, inside must be uncomfortable.” Thus, you let the bus go and waiting for the next trip. Five minutes past, another bus without air-conditional coming. You still let it go away because the weather today is very hot. You will felt uncomfortable sitting inside! Lastly, a new brand bus with air-conditional comes. But now, you are worry that the air-conditional may be too cold until you caught cold inside the bus. At the end, you missed all the buses and cannot back home.

    The above story was just similar to situation of ours life. When a golden opportunity appears, we don’t know how to appreciate and caught it tightly. We often started to remorse after it slips away…..

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  18. Determination

    I have learnt this word before, but, I only know the true meaning hiding behind it from RAKSI activity.

    Determination is just like a compass and map; it will lead us to our destination of goal. It let us believe that we can make it no matter what kind of obstacles waiting for us in front. If we don’t have determination, our life will be just like a motorboat without an engine. It can’t move to anywhere and everywhere. Besides that, we need determination in pursue our dream. Without this essential element, we will easily to give out on half way…. This is due to determination will let us see clearly about out future. It also can encourage us to crave our own life by ourselves!!! And lastly, successes will only waiting for the one whom determinate until the last moment….

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  19. EQ

    EQ stands for emotional quotient. I know you must have been heard before… Below is my opinion in how to standardize a person’s EQ.

    A person with higher EQ was able to control their emotion well. For example, no matter what’s had happened to them, they still won’t get influence by this. They still can lead their life as a normal day. Normally, this kind of person will be labeled as a “cool” person in ours society.

    On the other hand, a person with low EQ was easily lost control about themselves. They were easy to cry and laugh…. They will easily get influence by their emotion. In a longer period of time, they will become a short-tempered person. Sometimes, they will felt that everyone had done something wrong to them…. And then they become difficult to live along with…. These kind of bad moods also affect the daily life of themselves.

    In a nutshell, if a person was still unable to control their emotion well, anyone or everyone around them will start to leave them alone. Therefore, I felt that everyone has the responsible to control theirs’ own emotion.

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  20. CHANG SER ER
    KA 08020

    I have read a story regarding a woman who was waiting for her flight to board. As she is goin to wait for hours,she decided to buy a book and a packet of cookies as well. She sat down on an armchair in the VIP waiting room and started to read in peace. Beside the armchair where a packet of cookies laid,a man sat down and begin to read his magazines. Each time the woman took a piece of cookies, the man also took one. The woman was very angry but she didn't want to cause a scene. To the very last piece of cookies, the man took it and break into half to share with the woman. In furious, the woman took her things and went out.

    When she got onto the plane, she started to look for her glasses and suddenly she found a packet of cookies is placed nicely in her bag. Then only she realised that the man shared his cookies with her without anger while she had been very angry, thinking that the man was dividing her cookies with her. It's already too late for her to realised and not even have a chance to apology.

    Many times that things in our life cannot recover or undo. The stone thrown cannot be taken back so do the words spoken can't be taken back. Time passed can't and occassion passed also can't be recover. Therefore, treasure everyone around you..

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  21. DOUGHNUT....
    Doughnuts are formed either by joining the ends of a long, skinny piece of dough into a ring or by using a doughnut cutter, which simultaneously cuts the outside and inside shape, leaving a doughnut-shaped piece of dough and a doughnut hole from dough removed from the center. This smaller piece of dough can be cooked or re-added to the batch to make more doughnuts. A disk-shaped doughnut can also be stretched and pinched into a torus until the center breaks to form a hole. Alternatively, a doughnut depositor can be used to place a circle of liquid dough directly into the fryer. Doughnuts can be made from a yeast-based dough for raised doughnuts or a special type of cake batter. Yeast-raised doughnuts contain about 25% oil by weight, whereas cake doughnuts' oil content is around 20%, but they have extra fat included in the batter before frying. Cake doughnuts are fried for about 90 seconds at approximately 190 °C to 198 °C, turning once. Yeast-raised doughnuts absorb more oil because they take longer to fry, about 150 seconds, at 182 °C to 190 °C. Cake doughnuts typically weigh between 24 g and 28 g, whereas yeast-raised doughnuts average 38 g and are generally larger when finished.[citation needed]

    After being fried, ring doughnuts are often topped with a glaze (icing) or a powder such as cinnamon or sugar. Styles such as fritters and jam doughnuts may be glazed and/or injected with jam or custard.

    As well as being fried, doughnuts can be completely baked in an oven.[citation needed] These have a slightly different texture from the fried variety with a somewhat different taste due to the lack of absorbed oil—and so have a lower fat content.

    There are many other specialized doughnut shapes such as old-fashioneds, bars or Long Johns (a rectangular shape), or with the dough twisted around itself before cooking. In the northeast USA, bars and twists are usually referred to as crullers. Doughnut holes are small spheres that are made from the dough taken from the center of ring doughnuts or made to look as if they are. These holes are also known by brand names, such as Dunkin Donuts' Munchkins and Tim Hortons' Timbits.

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  23. Amir Lukmanhisyam KA 08042

    Last week, we went to a laboratory visit to Malaysia Chemistry Department Pahang Branch. The main purpose of our visit is to find out the analytical equipments used and how do they work. After sending the proposal letter to the Malaysia Chemistry Department with verification from Mr. Izirwan our Analytical Chemistry lecturer, our group busy with the booking for transportation to Malaysia Chemistry Department, the souvenir, some light meal and so on. Of course, before we go for a visit, we do some reading on Malaysia Chemistry Department and some analytical equipment.

    Malaysia Chemistry Department have it branch all throughout the nation. The primary objective of Malaysia Chemistry Department is to analyze the sample that given to them. Like food sample for their contains, evident for forensic cases and many more.

    Analytical equipment like Chromatography is the collective term for a family of laboratory techniques for the separation of mixtures. It involves passing a mixture dissolved in a "mobile phase" through a stationary phase, which separates the analyte to be measured from other molecules in the mixture and allows it to be isolated. Chromatography may be preparative or analytical. Preparative chromatography seeks to separate the components of a mixture for further use (and is thus a form of purification). Analytical chromatography normally operates with smaller amounts of material and seeks to measure the relative proportions of analytes in a mixture. The two are not mutually exclusive.

    Besides, Spectroscopy measures the interaction of the molecules with electromagnetic radiation. Spectroscopy consists of many different applications such as atomic absorption spectroscopy, atomic emission spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, photoemission spectroscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy and so on.
    Mass spectrometry measures mass-to-charge ratio of molecules using electric and magnetic fields. There are several ionization methods: electron impact, chemical ionization, electrospray, fast atom bombardment, matrix assisted laser desorption ionization, and others. Also, mass spectrometry is categorized by approaches of mass analyzers: magnetic-sector,quadrupole mass analyzer, quadrupole ion trap, Time-of-flight, Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance, and so on.

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  25. `afifah mansor
    ka08036

    slinky...A TOY THAT HAS CHANGE THE WORLD..
    Do you know what is slinky? I think most of us know it because its a toy that children used to play..its just maybe we didnt familiar with the word slinky in english...
    Slinky is a helix-shaped toy that can travel down stairs end-over-end as it stretches and re-forms itself with the aid of gravity and its own momentum.Its just like a cyllinder shaped spring where you can stretches over and over...Although its just a toy,actually slinky has a very interesting history.Slinky was invented by naval engineer Richard James in the early 1940s.Actually at that time,as he worked, a torsion spring suddenly fell to the floor. The spring flip-flopped as the ingenious man watched. when James returned home, he remembered the spring and the interesting way it flip-flopped. James and his wife Betty perfected a long steel ribbon tightly coiled into a spiral. And after that,they began production in 1945. James and Betty borrowed $500.00. They started a company. They called it James Spring & Wire Company. James made a machine. He designed it himself. When it was finished, it made Slinkys. They were made of 80 ft of wire.
    Slinky has many uses.Its not just an ordinary toy.High school teachers have used Slinky to demonstrate the properties of waves, United States troops in the Vietnam War used them as mobile radio antennas, and NASA has used them in zero-gravity physics experiments in the Space Shuttle.
    Slinky has been played by kids from all over the world.It has been developed with a lot of changes such as materials,colours and shapes.It has its own achievements.Over 300 million Slinkys have been sold and The Discovery and History Channels selected Slinky as one of the top 10 toys of the 20th Century.

    I use to love to play with slinky when i was a kid and im a slinky fan because of its colour....
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slinky

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  26. Constitution, Government & Legislation

    Malaysia is a constitutional monarchy, nominally headed by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong ("paramount ruler"), customarily referred to as the king. Kings are elected for 5-year terms from among the nine sultans of the peninsular Malaysian states. The king also is the leader of the Islamic faith in Malaysia.

    Executive power is vested in the cabinet led by the prime minister; the Malaysian constitution stipulates that the prime minister must be a member of the lower house of parliament who, in the opinion of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, commands a majority in parliament. The cabinet is chosen from among members of both houses of parliament and is responsible to that body.

    The bicameral parliament consists of the Senate (Dewan Negara) and the House of Representatives (Dewan Rakyat). All 69 Senate members sit for 6-year terms; 26 are elected by the 13 state assemblies, and 43 are appointed by the king. Representatives of the House are elected from single-member districts by universal adult suffrage. The 193 members of the House of Representatives are elected to maximum terms of 5 years. Legislative power is divided between federal and state legislatures.

    The federal government has authority over external affairs, defense, internal security, justice (except civil law cases among Malays or other Muslims and other indigenous peoples, adjudicated under Islamic and traditional law), federal citizenship, finance, commerce, industry, communications, transportation, and other matters.

    noradiella
    ka08123

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  27. SITI FARHANA BINTI HARON
    KA08073

    sress???stop it!!!~

    * Life is a drag.
    * What’s the point of anything?
    * I’ll never be happy.

    Do any of these gloomy thoughts sound familiar? It’s likely they do. The occasional case of the blues is perfectly normal, but that doesn’t make dealing with it any easier. If you allow them to, negative thoughts can fester and lead to serious depression. That’s why it’s important to take action early to bust yourself out of a slump.

    While these suggestions won’t eliminate your problems, they can help you break a negative thought pattern and stop feeling depressed. If you think you might have a serious mental health problem, don’t hesitate to see a medical professional.

    1. Understand the emotional cycle - Life is an emotional roller coaster. Some days you feel like nothing can stop you. Other days you feel utterly hopeless. Most of the time you’re somewhere in between. Understanding the pattern of positive and negative emotions will help you put your feelings in perspective. Next time you feel down, just remember that it’s a natural emotion that will inevitably pass. Knowing that a feeling of depression is only temporary makes it less dreadful.

    2. Spend time with positive people - Nothing affects the way you think and feel more than the people you interact with. Thoughts (both positive and negative) are contagious. If you are surrounded by negative people, it’s only natural that you’ll start to think and feel the same way. To improve your outlook on life, spend time with positive people. Search them out and try to understand the way they see the world. Chances are their happiness will rub off.

    3. Reflect on past success - In the wake of a colossal failure, it’s easy to forget everything you’ve ever done right. Take a few minutes to remember your past accomplishments and build yourself up. What made you successful before? What are your strengths? Frequently, this exercise will build self confidence, help you figure out what went wrong, and generate ideas for success in the future.

    4. Focus on gratitude - It’s human nature to measure ourselves against those ahead of us on the social ladder. Studies have shown that people care more about being richer than their friends than actually making more money. When you consider everything good in your life and compare it to the problems of less fortunate people, the issue that’s making you depressed won’t seem as serious.

    5. Change of scenery - One of the best ways to change the way you feel is to change your environment. When you get in a slump, you start to associate your problems with everything around you. It can get to the point where your environment is a constant reminder of your problems. This can be a dangerous cycle. The solution is to change things. Change doesn’t have to be radical. Cleaning up, adding more lights, or including pleasant decorations can completely change the mood of a room.

    6. Break your routine - Going through the same routine, day after day, can be monotonous and depressing. It often leads to getting caught in a rut. To get out of it you need to temporarily change your routine. If you can, take a day off from work. Do something you don’t normally have time for or something you’ve never tried. In the long run, taking a day off every now and then to get out of slump will make you happier and more productive.

    7. Interact with animals and nature - It’s funny when you consider how humans put so much importance on their own tiny problems. Animals don’t think this way. A little bird doesn’t mope around because it isn’t an eagle or because another bird beat it to a tasty seed. Animals live in the present moment and they show love unconditionally. Observing and interacting with them will help you get over your problems.

    8. Get moving - As Johnny Cash famously suggested, “Get a rhythm, when you get the blues.” Moving to a beat makes everyone feel better. The same is true for movement in general. Hitting the gym or going for a walk will help you shed the lethargy that comes with feeling depressed. The more enthusiastic your moments, the better you will start to feel.

    9. Think about the big picture - As Carl Sagan made evident with the Pale Blue Dot, we’re insignificant creatures living in a vast universe on a tiny planet. In the long run, everything we do will probably be forgotten. Some might find this depressing, but it shouldn’t be. It means that all our problems are illusory. In a million years no one will remember what you did or didn’t do. What matters is the present moment and enjoying every second of life that we’re blessed with.

    10. Do something to help yourself - Above all, the best way to stop feeling depressed is to take action. What is your biggest problem? How can you alleviate it? Once you decide to stop moping and start moving forward you won’t have time to feel depressed. Action will occupy your mind and give you something to look forward to. Once you get some results, you’ll build momentum and positive thinking will keep getting easier.

    ReplyDelete
  28. Hello everyone!! I want to talk about guitars for this post. Playing guitar is my major hobby. I started this interest since I was in primary school. My father bought for me a guitar for my birthday when I was in year 5. Until now, I have 4 guitars which I have collected. All of them are acoustic six-string guitar except for my latest guitar which has a internal pick-up installed. This pick-up enables me to connect the guitar into a speaker or amplifier. In the future, I’d like to buy a classical nylon-string guitar. For your information, there are various types of guitar. Generally, guitars can be divided into two broad categories, acoustic and electric.
    Acoustic guitars
    An acoustic guitar is one not dependent on an external device to be heard but uses a soundboard which is a wooden piece mounted on the front of the guitar's body. The acoustic guitar is quieter than other instruments commonly found in bands and orchestras so when playing within such groups it is often externally amplified. Many acoustic guitars available today feature a variety of pickups which enable the player to amplify and modify the raw guitar sound.

    o Classical guitars
    These are typically strung with nylon strings, played in a seated position and are used to play a diversity of musical styles including classical music. The classical guitar's wide, flat neck allows the musician to play scales, arpeggios and certain chord forms more easily and with less adjacent string interference than on other styles of guitar. Flamenco guitars are very similar in construction, but are associated with a more percussive tone. In Mexico, the popular mariachi band includes a range of guitars, from the tiny requinto to the guitarron, a guitar larger than a cello, which is tuned in the bass register. In Colombia, the traditional quartet includes a range of instruments too, from the small bandola (sometimes known as the Deleuze-Guattari, for use when traveling or in confined rooms or spaces), to the slightly larger tiple, to the full sized classical guitar. The requinto also appears in other Latin-American countries as a complementary member of the guitar family, with its smaller size and scale, permitting more projection for the playing of single-lined melodies. Modern dimensions of the classical instrument were established by Antonio Torres Jurado (1817-1892). Classical guitars are sometimes referred to as classic guitars.

    Electric guitars
    Electric guitars can have solid, semi-hollow, or hollow bodies, and produce little sound without amplification. Electromagnetic pickups convert the vibration of the steel strings into electrical signals, which are fed to an amplifier through a cable or radio transmitter. The sound is frequently modified by other electronic devices or the natural distortion of valves (vacuum tubes) in the amplifier. There are two main types of pickup, single and double coil (or humbucker), each of which can be passive or active. The electric guitar is used extensively in jazz, blues, and rock and roll, and was commercialized by Gibson in collaboration with Les Paul, and independently by Leo Fender of Fender Music. The lower fretboard action (the height of the strings from the fingerboard), lighter (thinner) strings, and its electrical amplification lend the electric guitar to some techniques which are less frequently used on acoustic guitars. These include tapping, extensive use of legato through pull-offs and hammer-ons (also known as slurs), pinch harmonics, volume swells, and use of a tremolo arm or effects pedals.
    Seven-strings were popularized in the 1980s and 1990s in part due to the release of the Ibanez Universe guitar, endorsed by Steve Vai. Other artists go a step further, by using an 8 string guitar with two extra low strings. Although the most common 7-string has a low B string, Roger McGuinn (of The Byrds and Rickenbacker) uses an octave G string paired with the regular G string as on a 12 string guitar, allowing him to incorporate chiming 12 string elements in standard 6 string playing. in 1982 Uli Jon Roth developed the "Sky Guitar", with a vastly extended amount of frets, which was the first guitar to venture into the upper registers of the violin. Roth's 7-string "Mighty Wing" guitar features an altogether 6-octave range.
    The electric bass guitar is similar in tuning to the traditional double bass viol. Hybrids of acoustic and electric guitars are also common. There are also more exotic varieties, such as guitars with two, three,[16] or rarely four necks, all manner of alternate string arrangements, fretless fingerboards (used almost exclusively on bass guitars, meant to emulate the sound of a stand-up bass), 5.1 surround guitar, and such.
    Some electric guitar and electric bass guitar models feature Piezoelectric pickups, which function as transducers to provide a sound closer to that of an acoustic guitar with the flip of a switch or knob, rather than switching guitars

    These are only brief explainations. For me, I prefer playing acoustic guitars than electric guitars. But, this doesn’t mean I don’t want to own electric guitars. I will, someday, own it. An Ibanez branded electric guitar,or perhaps a Fender…

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  29. How did the phrase ''spelling bee'' originate?

    The word ''bee'' has three meanings, according to the Collins English Dictionary. Besides it being the name of the insect family called Apoidea and a marine equipment used for reeving outhauls, it's also defined as a social gathering for a specific purpose. The origin of the term ''spelling bee'' has never been satisfactorily accounted for, says the Scripps National Spelling Bee, also known as the Bee.

    ''Spelling bee'' is apparently an American term that first appeared in print in 1875. However, they are certain the term was used orally years before that. The Bee also points out some scholars have rejected the social gathering explanation and have suggested this ''bee'' is a different word. One possibility is that it either comes from the Middle English word ''bene,'' which means prayer or favour, or a dialect form – ''been'' or ''bean,'' which refers to voluntary help given by neighbours towards the accomplishment of a particular task. No-one is entirely certain, the Bee concludes.

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  30. Nur Farahain Bte Khusnun
    KA08100

    hye everybody..
    Recently i read an article about chocolate and health.Is it good for us or bad for us? Going into cocoa-overload with a serving of the famous dessert "Death By Chocolate" is probably not the way to find out if chocolate is good for you. In the article, we will explore the health benefits of chocolate and provide some serving suggestions to ensure that the phrase "chocolate and health" is something other than a dietary oxymoron for you.

    First, let's start off with some of the health-giving attributes of chocolate:

    * It's rich in certain essential minerals, and it's packed with bioflavonoids, especially flavonols.
    * Chocolate is thought to improve blood flow and elasticity in blood vessels; lower blood pressure; improve overall heart health; and reduce the risk of death from cardiovascular disease.
    * It can decrease LDL (bad) cholesterol as well as the body's inflammatory immune responses.
    * Chocolate is thought to improve insulin resistance and sensitivity.
    * It can increase alertness, lessen pain and promote a general feeling of well-being.
    * Chocolate may reduce the risk of cancer.

    Before you go running with glee through the candy aisle, let's go into those characteristics in a little more detail. We'll also explore the potential health downsides of chocolate. (Sorry!)

    Chocolate's Vitamins and Essential Minerals

    Chocolate is a good source of magnesium, copper, and iron; with lesser amounts of calcium, zinc, Vitamin A, niacin, and phosphorus.

    Here's why those first three are important:

    * Magnesium is critical to a large number of body functions, including the formation and maintenance of strong bones, muscle and nerve function, and regular bowel function.
    * Iron is an important part of hemoglobin and thus is essential to oxygen transport in the body. Iron also assists short-term storage of oxygen in muscle tissue, including the muscle tissues in the heart.
    * Copper is an important antioxidant and is critical to the body's detoxification mechanism. It's also important to the formation of red blood cells.

    Chocolate's beneficial levels of magnesium—56 mg in a 50g (~2oz) bar of dark chocolate—may help to explain some of chocolate's sedative effect on stressed-out people. Stress causes the body to deplete its supplies of magnesium, ultimately leading to an out-of-balance biochemistry. It may be that the magnesium in chocolate helps restore the body's magnesium balance.

    Chocolate also has a more direct stress-reducing effect. It contains a compound called anandamide—also known as the "bliss chemical"—that binds to certain receptors in the brain to promote relaxation. This happens in a manner similar to the effect of some components of marijuana—though the effect is much more subtle (and much more legal!). Further, chocolate contains enzyme inhibitors that decrease the body's ability to metabolize anandamide, thus "prolonging the high."

    ReplyDelete
  31. nur aishah amalin bt ramjis
    ka08056

    recently i have read about albinism..Albinism is hereditary..it is not an infectious disease and cannot be transmitted through contact, blood transfusions, or other vectors. The principal gene which results in albinism prevents the body from making the usual amounts of the pigment melanin. Most forms of albinism are the result of the biological inheritance of genetically recessive alleles (genes) passed from both parents of an individual, though some rare forms are inherited from only one parent. There are other genetic mutations which are proven to be associated with albinism..albinism is lack of melanin pigment in the eyes, skin and hair..of course we have seen albinism which are look different with normal person..

    ReplyDelete
  32. I attracted with the grammar test for question A. about forensic. Actually forensic is the most important part to know how long the victims died. There are many ways to know how and when the victims died. In the paragraph, they determined using maggots. This is a way to know how long the corpse died. Then, they determined using aldehydes. This is a chemical reagent that is used to determine the gas from the corpses. They will know when the victims died. In my opinion, in now technology world, maybe other generation will come out with the new technology to determine how long the victim died. This is important because at the same time, we can find the murderer. They will get their punishment as soon as possible. Maybe after the news of the punishment publish, public will afraid to do the same to the other people.

    ReplyDelete
  33. Sometimes body language is important for us to communicate with other people. For a certain topic, we should not to be a sincere person. We must act with others by other way. Below are a few tips for you act body languages.

    1. one way to work on developing your own system is to study sign-language. And then use similar symbols when actually speaking once in a while.
    2. It is sometimes useful to observe the body language that is appropriate for a given setting or among certain people, and then match your gestures to those of people around you. This sort of imitation may be considered uncharismatic, but if you're not familiar with the culture or with the people with whom you are speaking, it may be the only way to get your message across or to avoid an embarrassing gaffe.
    3. Use the most positive gestures and facial expressions first and last. While it is true that we make our most memorable impressions within the first 5 to 10 seconds, we also make a crucial impression within the last 5 to 10 seconds as well.
    4. Once in a while use the opposite gesture of your intended meaning. This is not meant to confuse the listener, but rather to see how well they pay attention to your gestures. If they notice it, consciously or not, they may say something like "Wait a minute, let me make sure I understand you."
    5. Tone of voice and inflection, although audible, are great indicators of meaning. However the actual tones used between people may not be accurately interpreted by the listener. Be careful to not misinterpret another person's tone of voice.
    6. If you know you are using a sign that may easily be misinterpreted, state so as quickly as possible and state your intended meaning, right away. For example, if you cross your arms for warmth, you may want to say, "I'm cold, are you?" That way the person won't think that you're just being unreceptive.
    7. be honest and non-judgmental. Speech and gestures are co-expressive. If you say what you mean, your body language will follow. Also remember that we communicate to exchange ideas and information and that this process is not supposed to be a convoluted courtship dance. Do not try to read too much into a stranger's body language. It makes them uncomfortable and may give the semblance of you judging them.

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  34. How to gain Khushu in Salat?
    By Dr. Mamdouh N. Mohamed
    Associate Professor at the American Open University

    What is Khushuu'?

    Khushuu' during Salaat is misunderstood by some people as crying and weeping. Rather, it is the presence of the heart during an act of 'ibadah. When a person's heart is fully occupied of what he says or hears, he is in a true state of khushuu'. The concept of Khushuu' in Salaat is very essential.

    1- It is a vital factor in making a person successful in this life and in later life.
    "Indeed, the believers, who have khushuu' in their Salaat, are the winners."
    قد أفلح المؤمنون الذين هم في صلاتهم خاشعون
    2-It is a contributing factor for the acceptance of Salaat.
    3- It is a way to gain more rewards from the Almighty Allah; the more the khushuu' a person has, the more rewards he gets.
    4- Without Khushuu' the heart cannot easily be purified.


    in this article, he also has listing the ways to gain khushuu' when pre-salaat,during salaat and post-salaat.

    ReplyDelete
  35. Have you ever think of where does the expression “a cat has nine lives” come from?

    Cats are often invoked for their surprising ability to survive adversity. It is from this physical hardiness that, according to etymologists, the idea that a cat has nine lives originates.

    Although the exact reasons for this choice of number have long ago been forgotten, University of Winnipeg English professor Mark Morton offers three possibilities: “First, it’s pretty clear that it would have to be one of the many numbers that has traditional significance in Western culture, of which nine is among the most resonant.

    “While seven, for example, is almost always positive and 13 is almost always negative, nine can have both positive and negative connotations: for example, cloud nine versus the nine rivers of hell. I think this may reflect our ambivalent cultural attitude towards the cat.

    “Third, assonance often plays a role in such idioms. In this case, the long ‘i’ in both nine and lives functions as a near rhyme, as is even more clear in ‘a stitch in time saves nine.’ ”

    ReplyDelete
  36. wan zulaisa amira bt wan jusoh
    ka08122

    I loved a korean series movie that i'd watched recently,BAD COUPLE-story about a career women(director of a fashion organisation) that not interest in a marriage.It due to her child hood experient which her father left her mother for another women.More over,she's friend who was a loyalty,a full time housewife was betrayed by her husband.Then,she had a thought that men can't be trust.They will leave his wife when he meet another woman.Than one day,she fall sick due to a fever.she was dreaming about a little girl that very talkative,cute and even cook for her .when she woke up,she feel better and she start to think of having a daughter but without a marriage.She than find a guy who was a good looking guy,healty,smart,good in attitude for her 'daugther project'.She's trying her hard to harassing him.However the guy fall in love with her and wants to marry her.She refused and 'chase away' that innocent guy.But, after she got pregnant,she find out that had a cancer in her stomach then she realise how much she need a man to take care of her and her baby one day.She got 50% chance to live if she drop the baby however she won't to do so as she very loves her baby.To find out what happend next,please do see me..hehehehe.

    ReplyDelete
  37. 'afifah mansor
    ka08036

    The Last Lecture...
    I think most of you already know it... The Last Lecture is a book written by a computer scientist name Randy Pausch who discover that he has ten tumors on his body and he got only 3-5 months to live...how sad was that.. I came across this book once in a newspaper review,saying that its a good book .And then I saw it on the internet and lastly I got the chance to read it myself.

    I personally think that it is a vey good book as it can motivate you. Randy was computer scientist and also a lecturer...This book is mostly about his experience through life and the summary of his last lecture...

    Actually The Last Lecture was really his last lecture.He accepted that offer to do the last lecture although at that time he was really sick..His last lecture is about really achieving your childhood dreams and the story about his life from he was a kid untill now...He said that he wants to leave a legacy to his children and make them proud to have a father like him...I really admire him for that..

    Randy Paush had already died last year 25 July 2008 because of the cancer...for me, he had left a good example for us who still alive to appreciate every second that we have in this world...he got really famous after the book was published even Bush wrote a letter for him...

    ReplyDelete
  38. Najwa
    KA08048

    I want to share some information to all of you that I was read recently.

    VITAMIN ALERT!

    The calcium in yogurt and other foods may help prevent high blood pressure. A recent Boston University study found that men who ate the most calcium (322-1,118mg daily) were 20 percent less likely to develop high blood pressure with age as men who ate the least (8-109mg). Besides yogurt, good sources of calcium include broccoli, salmon with bones, turnip greens and beans.

    Did you know?

    - Two teaspoons of blackstrap molasses has 400mg of potassium, almost as much as a banana. Potassium controls blood pressure.

    - In foreign countries, drink carbonated bottled water, not plain bottled water. Carbonation kills infection-causing microbes.

    - Milk, not beans, is the No. 1 cause of intestinal gas.

    http://www.usaweekend.com/food/carper_archive/940904eat_smart.html

    ReplyDelete
  39. HOW TO MAKE CHOCOLATE COOKIES

    This the most amazing cookie recipe that I have ever baked! It has oats, chocolate chips, coconut, cornflakes, walnuts, plus much more - They're chewy, crispy, crunchy and fabulous! No one could get enough! I just had to share this with you all! Enjoy!

    ReplyDelete
  40. I just want to share with you guys a joke that I've just read.

    A couple of friends were flying to Rome for a holiday. An hour into the trip, the flight attendant came on the intercom and said, "The pilot has just informed me that we've lost an engine. There's no need for alarm, though. We have three engines left, and we'll just be an hour late."
    About another hour into the flight she made another announcement. ''We've lost another engine. Don't worry. We still have two more, but we'll be another hour late.''
    One guy turned to his friend and said, ''Man, if we lose the other two engines, we'll be up here all day.

    ReplyDelete
  41. nur aishah amalin bt ramjis
    ka08056

    PARENTS who want to expose their kids to the Quran early can now do so with the Digital Al-Quran netbook, an ultra-portable computer category product, from FTec Resources Bhd and Intel Electronics (M) Sdn Bhd.
    The Digital Al-Quran software enables kids to memorise and recite Quran verses by heart.
    The Digital Al-Quran software enables kids to memorise and recite Quran verses by heart.

    The Digital Al-Quran software, which comes pre-loaded with the FTec SmartBook netbook, is part of Intel’s effort to promote a new usage model for its Atom processor-based netbooks. It has audio recitations of the Quran, full Quran translations into Bahasa Malaysia, English and Arabic, and recorded azan prayers by famous Mu’adzins from Saudi Arabia and Egypt.

    With a play-by-play recording of Quran verses, the software also enables children to memorise and recite Quran verses by heart.

    Intel Malaysia’s country manager, sales and marketing Ryaz Patel said the company is targeting to sell at least 800 units of the Digital Al-Quran netbook each month until year-end.

    “Our strategy is to display the device in high-traffic retail outlets such as Courts Mammoth, TecAsia and FTec outlets. We will also be talking to learning institutions to seek ways for them to adopt the netbook in their curriculum.”

    ReplyDelete
  42. nur aishah amalin bt ramjis
    ka08056

    feeling headache?? especially when final exam is just around the corner?? well, do you know anything about headache??
    Headaches don't get better when there is too much reliance on quick fixes. Taking an over the counter analgesic for the occasional headache is usually very effective. However, using quick fix medication more than once per week for headache relief can lead to chronic, recurrent headaches.
    Headache sufferers usually find it hard to accept rebound as the cause of their headache syndrome. It's not perceptible on a headache-to-headache basis. It's something that accumulates gradually over time, so months or years down the road, your headache problem is worse. The frequency of consumption of the quick fix has escalated; it's the only thing that gives temporary relief. However, the end result is a more difficult headache syndrome to treat.

    ReplyDelete
  43. How to avoid being nervous and speak with confidence

    Instruction:

    1.First state an objective of what you intend to discuss in the meeting, so that you can remain focused. List Key points of after your objective in detail of what you are going to discuss.

    2.Don't feel intimidated if you don't speak well or eloquently. Use your personality and self confidence, when you are rehearsing your speech. Don't let the looks of people determine how the result of your speech would be, focus only on the clear objective.

    3.Don't beat up on yourself after giving a talk. Speak positive of yourself, smile for the crowd, and speak with determination as if you were the best speaker they ever heard.

    4.Always remember to ask for feedback, to assure if you could have done something better. Remember, people who are slight nervous are the ones who perform exceptionally well.

    ReplyDelete
  44. How tobe beautiful??

    Instruction:

    1.Seek beauty around you. How do you define beauty? As you go through your day, try to make note of things and people that strike you as beautiful. If you can, write them down. Try to understand what makes them beautiful to you. They may not be beautiful to others, but that's why beauty is in the eye of the beholder.

    2.Recognize the beauty in yourself. Look in the mirror and search for beauty. By now, you've probably noticed that the most beautiful things in life are often subtle and hidden. The same goes for the beauty you hold. Maybe you have smooth, well-proportioned hands, or a flawless forehead, or perfectly-shaped shoulders. Whatever it is, it's yours--revel in it.

    3.Enhance your physical beauty. Looking beautiful is all about emphasizing those features in you that are already beautiful. There are millions of ways to do this, as there are millions of potentially beautiful features on a single body. The important thing is to experiment with accentuating that beauty until you can look at your reflection and feel like you've given your beauty the representation it deserves. Don't overdo it though, keep it classically beautiful.

    4.Develop your inner beauty. There are plenty of so-called beautiful people out there who lie, cheat, steal, and even kill. Their beauty never lasts, but yours can. By finding yourself and building your character through integrity, you can be beautiful both on the inside and on the outside. Better yet, your inner beauty will always emanate and never fade, wrinkle, or turn gray.

    5.Create beauty outside of yourself. Now that you see beauty and you are beautiful (as you always have been, but now know it), it's time to make beauty. Art is a very popular emulation of beauty, but it's possible to inject beauty into everything you do (your work, how you interact with people, and the way you decorate your room, for example). This is an extremely satisfying pursuit that will not only make the world a more beautiful place, but it will also bring your quest for beauty full circle.

    ~nurul~

    ReplyDelete
  45. LOVE

    Love is any of a number of emotions and experiences related to a sense of strong affection and attachment. The word love can refer to a variety of different feelings, states, and attitudes, ranging from generic pleasure to intense interpersonal attraction. The word love is both a verb and a noun. Love is not a single feeling but an emotion built from two or more feelings. Anything vital to us creates more than one feeling, and we also have feelings about our feelings (and thoughts about our feelings). This diversity of uses and meanings, combined with the complexity of the feelings involved, makes love unusually difficult to consistently define, even compared to other emotional states.

    As an abstract concept, love usually refers to a deep, ineffable feeling of tenderly caring for another person. Even this limited conception of love, however, encompasses a wealth of different feelings, from the passionate desire and intimacy of romantic love to the nonsexual emotional closeness of familial and platonic love to the profound oneness or devotion of religious love.Love in its various forms acts as a major facilitator of interpersonal relationships and, owing to its central psychological importance, is one of the most common themes in the creative arts.

    The English word "love" can have a variety of related but distinct meanings in different contexts. Often, other languages use multiple words to express some of the different concepts that English relies mainly on "love" to encapsulate; one example is the plurality of Greek words for "love." Cultural differences in conceptualizing love thus make it doubly difficult to establish any universal definition.

    A person can be said to love a country, principle, or goal if they value it greatly and are deeply committed to it. Similarly, compassionate outreach and volunteer workers' "love" of their cause may sometimes be borne not of interpersonal love, but impersonal love coupled with altruism and strong political convictions. People can also "love" material objects, animals, or activities if they invest themselves in bonding or otherwise identifying with those things. If sexual passion is also involved, this condition is called paraphilia.

    Interpersonal love refers to love between human beings. It is a more potent sentiment than a simple liking for another. Unrequited love refers to those feelings of love that are not reciprocated. Interpersonal love is most closely associated with interpersonal relationships. Such love might exist between family members, friends, and couples. There are also a number of psychological disorders related to love, such as erotomania.

    Throughout history, philosophy and religion have done the most speculation on the phenomenon of love. In the last century, the science of psychology has written a great deal on the subject. In recent years, the sciences of evolutionary psychology, evolutionary biology, anthropology, neuroscience, and biology have added to the understanding of the nature and function of love.

    ~nurul~

    ReplyDelete
  46. LAUGHTER BEST FOR SOUL!!!

    The dictionary defines laugh as a convulsive sound caused by merriment; an expression of mirth, or of scorn; or to express merriment, etc, by a laugh; to appear gay, pleasant, etc; to jeer (with at): to express or utter with laughter. Laughing is defined as an action of expressing merriment, or scorn, with a laugh.
    Laughter is a series of spasmodic expulsions of breath, with jerky sounds, accompanied by movements of the facial muscles, provoked by mirthful feelings. Synonyms are, fun, giggling, glee, hilarity, snickering, and tittering.
    It the American Journal of Medicine, it has been found that laughter increases a secretion of “catecholamines and endorphins”, which in turn increases oxidation of the blood, relaxes the arteries, speeds up the heart, and decreases blood pressure. That produces a positive effect on all cardiovascular and respiratory systems. That in turn will improve any ailments that have occurred in these systems. The immune system will also be enhanced, and the individual will have a more positive response when being exposed to diseases due to outside influences.
    After all is said and done, it’s time for a laugh!
    A World War 2 veteran decides that the attic needs a cleaning. During the process of finding things to dispose off, he comes upon his old army uniform. He tries the jacket on and finds he cannot close the buttons. He puts his hands in his pockets and lo and behold he finds a ticket from a shoemaker for a pair of shoes he had brought in for repair when he was discharged from the army. Figuring he had nothing to lose, he brings the ticket into the shoe repair shop. He finds that it is the same old proprietor, much older, a little bent over and slower moving. After taking the ticket, the cobbler goes in the back room. On returning, he hands the ticket back and says, “They will be ready Thursday”.
    Now, if that didn’t really give you a chuckle, try this one. Two friends are walking in the jungle. Suddenly a tiger appears in the distance running towards them. One friend pulls a pair of “Nikes” out of his bag and quickly puts them on. With a surprised look, the other says, “You don’t really think you can out run that tiger with those?” “I don’t need to out run the tiger”, his friend replies, “I just need to run faster than you”.
    Now that you have had your laugh for today, just try to remember the health benefits that are derived from laughter. Try to find humor in whatever you do. When watching television, watch the programs that make you laugh. It will help to reduce the stress that is part of our daily living. It basically acts as an escape valve or outlet for leaving off the buildup of steam (stress) as in a boiler. The more you can find to laugh at the stronger your immune system will be, the better you will feel and you will have more vitality.

    ReplyDelete
  47. 5 Ways to Beat Pre-performance Nerves

    1. Psych yourself up. Confidence helps combat stress hormones! Watch a football team before they run on to the field. They get in a group and pray or sing a team song to pump themselves up with confidence and team spirit. You can do this whether you're performing alone or as part of a group. Have parents, family members, and friends give you a pep talk. Keep a journal as you practice; then if you think "I can't do this," you can check the notebook to see how well prepared you are.

    2. Be prepared. You're less likely to freeze up if you're well prepared. Rehearse as much as you can and practice in front of others at every opportunity. Most of all, think positively: Tell yourself "I'll be OK" or "I can do this" even if you are not 100% sure of it.

    3. Learn ways to chill. Young performers, such as Olympic gymnasts and music soloists talk about how important it is to prepare for the pre-performance jitters as well as the performance itself. Some take along a photo album of favorite pictures, compile a playlist on their music players to help them relax, or learn yoga and breathing techniques to help them feel calm. Some people need to be active to relax, others need to be still and calm. Find out what works for you, and practice, practice, practice.

    4. Look after yourself. Before big performances it's easy to let taking care of yourself slip as you spend too much time on rehearsals and practice. You'll look and feel your best if you get enough sleep and eat healthy meals before your performance. Exercise can also help you feel good, and along with sleep and nutrition, is an excellent way of keeping those stress hormones from getting out of control.

    5. Find out what the experts do. You can find books, DVDs, and online information about how to give your best when you perform, depending on what type of performance you're preparing for. Check out stories about Olympic gymnasts or your favorite star to get their tips. Or ask the cast of your school play or your drama or music teacher how they beat stage fright. And if your parents or grandparents ever performed, they may have their own secrets to share. Even hearing stories of a worst-case scenario (like forgetting lines in a play or freezing up in a violin solo), can help you relax by realizing that people recover from potentially embarrassing situations.

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